Safety Management Practices and Safety Compliance †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Safety Management Practices and Safety Compliance. Answer: Introduction Nearly all, if not all occupations are associated with some kind health effects also called occupational health hazards. Therefore, human resource managers recommend health surveillance as a method of detecting the potential health hazards that workers in such occupations may be exposed to. According to Arcury et al (2012), an early detection of these health hazards enables the implementation of interventions that facilitate the prevention of any possible disease that the workers may be exposed to, or a reduction of the speed with which a disease process may occur among the workers. This essay aims to identify appropriate health surveillance for workers exposed to Silica in a mining quarry which currently employs less than 20 individuals. We acknowledge that while the mining quarry has established certain measures (fogging systems, localized ventilation, and conveyor covers) to suppress the amount of dust the miners are exposed to, the workers are still exposed to a high risk of con tracting respiratory diseases associated with silicon from the crushed rocks. Our main objective is to design a health surveillance measure for workers in the quarrys control room. In doing so, the paper will first identify the health issues that the miners may be exposed to, before identifying a typical surveillance measure and designing an health surveillance for them. The paper will also give a detailed timeline for the implementation of the designed health surveillance measure before making recommendations on the health surveillance issue. While exposure to silica is a major health risk for miners in Australia, there is a paucity of knowledge of what entails proper health surveillance for such workers. Yet, Burgel et al (2013), Chalupka et al (2013) and Grabinski (2015) provide evidence of an increasing trend of Australian quarry miners contracting silicosis. Equally, statistics from Safe Work Australia and Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists (AIOH) indicate that work-related injuries have high-cost implications to the Australian economy, and occupational hazards related to the mining industry have a significant contribution to the cost (Gochfeld et al 2007). From time immemorial, miners exposed to silica have been burdened by occupational health issues, with some of them dying from silicosis a disease caused by a formation of scar tissue in the lung as a result of constant exposure to silica (Hicks et al 2016). In fact, Hong et al (2012) claim that silica has dangerous effects comparable to asbestos and that it has a potential of causing serious health effects to miners in Australia. Against that backdrop, there is a need for mining organizations to identify and establish standardized health surveillance among workers exposed to silica so that they keep their workers safe. Similarly, Hood et al (2007) argue that there is a need for such organizations to consider establishing modern health surveillance approaches since there is a consistent change from historical models of risk surveillance to more modern and effective models. Keeping up with new techniques will facilitate a change from passive approaches to more active approaches to health surveillance (Junaid et al 2016). Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) A major component of granite, sand, rock, soil and other minerals found in the earths crust, crystalline silica dangerous substance consisting of silicon and oxygen (McCillagh et al 2012). The author further comments that silica may exist freely or combined with other elements to form silicates. On the same note, McCauley et al (2012) indicate that the three common types of crystalline silica (tridymite, cristobalite, and quartz) produce dangerous particles when ground, drilled or cut; and that exposure to these particles (especially during mining) is a major health hazard. In Australia, exposure to RCS has been assigned a safety limit of 0.1 milligrams per cubic meter (0.1mg/m3), meaning that an exposure beyond that limit would be considered a health hazard (Maghsoudipour Sarfaraz 2011). While some scholars claim that this limit is low, Pak et al (2013) observe that part of the reason why the limit was set at that point is the declining incidences of silicosis in Australia. However, the author mentions that despite a decline in incidences of silicosis in Australia, exposure to RCS generally has adverse health effects on most Australian miners. All in all, considering our case study, an RCS exposure of 0.15mg/m3 for primary operators and 0.51mg/m3 for secondary operator indicates a high health hazard which needs immediate attention. Silicosis is part of a group of dust-related diseases called pneumoconiosis, majorly characterized by non-malignant and non-neoplastic changes in lungs as a result of exposure to inorganic dust such as asbestos, coal dust or RCS (Rogers et al 2014). Reports by Health Grove indicate that Silicosis cause 1 death per 100,000 people yearly in Australia and an annual loss of healthy life at the rate of 9.4 people per 100, 000 people (Rogers et al 2014). A majority of Australian population working in the mining industry are exposed to silicosis and other RCS related diseases. Similarly, there are reports that a significant section of Australian population serves this industry. For instance, according to the estimates of the Mineral Council of Australia, there are 200,000 indirectly employed and 127,000 directly employed people in the mining industry (Smith Deloy 2014). Hence, while Subramaniam et al (2016) may have observed a general decrease in silicosis-related deaths in Australia, it is still a disease that affects to several Australians every year. Silicosis affects human health through a definitive pathophysiology, where deposits of RCS in the lung interstitium damage the lungs epithelial cells and release various inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis) and enzymes. According to Savinainen Oksa (2011), these inflammatory cytokines attract other inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, and macrophages which have a potential of damaging the lung parenchyma. Equally, Siddiqui et al (2011), Taormina et al (2013) and Walker (2013) propose that even an exposure to low doses of silica may lead to the inability of a worker to have their lungs cleared of inhaled dust, a condition which results from hilar lymph node fibrosis. When the lung parenchyma of a worker is exposed to collagen nodules and hyaline as a result of constantly inhaling silica, the worker may be susceptible to either complicated or simple silicosis. According to Steiner (2011), complicated silicosis is a radiology definition of a situation where the workers x-ray results show coalescent fibrosis while simple silicosis is where there are no signs of coalescent fibrosis. According to James et al (2014), silicosis is identified a common problem to miners majorly because complicated silicosis normally contributes to the development of other significant health complications such as respiratory disability and breathlessness. Equally, Al Amiry (2015) claims that while it is not proven that complicated silicosis leads to the formation of other lung-related complications such as lung cancer and tuberculosis, they are normally perceived as additional complications among persons with silicosis. Chronic Obscure Pulmonary Disease (COPD) A typical complication with COPD is a largely irreversible and lowly developing obstruction of a victims airflow. While cigarette smoking is regarded as the main cause of this complication, Groenewold Baron (2013) and Hong et al (2012) agree that exposures to silica as an occupational risk may also be a cause. Similarly, there are several studies supporting RCS as a causative agent of COPD. For instance, a meta-analysis by Arcury et al (2012) reveals that exposure to silica dust had a positive correlation with COPD. The meta-analysis involved 13 cohort studies that were conducted among coal miners. Apart from the observation that the miners were at a high risk of contracting COPD, the risk was discovered to be higher if the miners were smokers. A recent review by the United States National Institute of Safety and Occupational Health (NIOSH) revealed pathological and epidemiological evidence suggesting that constant exposure to RCS may cause airflow obstruction as a result of chronic small airways disease or chronic bronchitis (Chalupka et al 2013). Similarly, according to the author, the study revealed that emphysema was a predominant complication associated with obstructed airflow as a result of exposure to RCS. Hence, we can summarise that RCS can cause chronic bronchitis or emphysema which can result in airflow obstruction. A review of studies in the Britain on the evidence of increased exposure to COPD in industries and occupations such as tunnelling, cement production, ceramic production, pottery and steel and iron founding, and gold mining found that a consistent exposure to silica in these kinds of environments exposed the workers to COPD as a result of silica exposure (Chalupka et al 2013). RCS is also said to be a causative agent of rheumatoid silicotic nodules which are often found on the lungs of miners and are a risk factor for lung cancer (Gochfeld et al 2007). Similarly, according to Hicks et al (2016), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reveals RCS as a potential carcinogen for human lungs, although there has been a major debate whether silica rather than silicosis is the most important causative agent for lung cancer. Other major health complications associated with RCS include renal and autoimmune diseases. Similarly, according to Burgel et al (2013), RCS has largely been reported to have a causative relationship with systematic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, scieroderma and rheumatoid arthritis. Typical Risk assessment and health surveillance for RCS A typical way of conducting a risk surveillance of RCS exposure is through a measurement of the airborne concentration. According to Hong et al (2012), this method is appropriate because RCS only becomes a health risk when it is inhaled. Hence, In Australia, the most common methodology of conducting a surveillance of RCS health risk is air-monitoring. This a technique used to measure the particle size of RCS as an occupational health risk. According to Hicks et al (2016), these particle sizes are sampled and defined by AS 2985 (2004) which is a protocol established by ISO 7708 of 1995 for the same purpose. Based on AS 2985 of 2004, a respirable dust is defined as the portion of airborne materials which penetrate to un-ciliated airways when inhaled. In Australia, air-monitoring and analysis are carried out using X-ray diffraction or infrared spectroscopy as guided by the National Health and Medical Research Council (Chalupka et al 2013). According to Burgel et al (2013), a procedure that involves modern analytical instruments operated by a professional would take 8 hours per 8-hour work shift before an acceptable level of certainty over the RCS concentration is achieved. Similarly, Arcury et al (2012) argued that if a test process would last way shorter than 8 hours, for example, 4 hours or below, then the results may fall short of the legally set standard of proof of interference. However, any test that lasts longer than 4 hours is capable of providing proper compliance monitoring indicators and monitoring of concentrations (Gochfeld et al 2007). Nevertheless, according to Arcury et al (2012), the Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists (AIOH) recommend a fully 8-hour sampling or a 12-hour for 8 hours and 12 hours work shift respectively. Similarly, the AIOH strongly recommends laboratory equipment accredited by the Australian National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) for use in the RCS surveillance and analysis. Health Surveillance Measures Upon conducting the monitoring and assessment, the organization can choose to control the exposure levels by drafting an action plan to help eliminate the amount of dust the miners are exposed to (Junaid et al 2016). However, according to Arcury et al (2012), this should be after inviting an occupational health professional to conduct health surveillance, where health hazards of the identified RCS are measured. The author further explains that health surveillance may typically include a review of whether there are residual adverse effects of RCS exposure to the miners health. It means testing the miners respiratory and skin functioning, as well as inspecting of their urine methanol levels (Chalupka et al 2013). Therefore, as will be shown in the subsequent section, a full RCS health surveillance would include a full exposure and occupational history of the employees, several medical tests (spirometry and blood or urine test), interpretation of results from individual tests, a full report and information on levels of exposure and a compilation of the surveillance report for each employee (Gochfeld et al 2007). During the surveillance, there is a need to ensure that the exposure levels for each employee are well captured and recorded so that they can easily be used for future references. The proper recording also ensures that a new employer is not falsely accused of previous exposures (Chalupka et al 2013). Surveillance before Exposure to RCS For purposes of record keeping, it is important that the workers demographical data are collected especially at their first time of admission into the organization. The following information is contained in the demographic data for each employee: This section contains the employees work history and an identification of whether the employee has had any previous exposure to RCS. Similarly, this section will identify the employees current level of exposure to RCS and whether they have, and use the recommended RCS protective gears. There will be an examination of whether any worker currently displays any symptoms to RCS as well as whether an employee has a history smoking. Similarly, this section of the schedule will use a standardized questionnaire (The Bronchial Symptoms Questionnaire) as part of the medical examination process. Upon conducting the medical investigation, the workers should be exposed to a session of professional medical advice, which enlightens them of the medical risks associated with exposure to RCS and how to minimise such risks. The health surveillance at this stage will be deemed to be effective it provides all the necessary information to prove that the worker was or was not exposed to RCS in his previous place of work. Similarly, an effective surveillance before exposure gives a detailed medical history of the employee for future reference. Health Surveillance during Exposure to RCS As part of the information to be included in the health records of each employee, there will be a collection of details from any formally conducted assessment especially those that are in compliance with NIOSH. Similarly, part of the employee health records will include their job descriptions as well as the start and finish dates. Similarly, all the results of personal and atmospheric monitoring will be included as part of this data. Besides taking the health records for each employee, there will be a periodic (after every 5 years) medical evaluation which includes taking of their medical history, occupational history, physical examination, and investigation (a repeat of steps 1 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e)). The periodic medical evaluations will also be accompanied by their respective epidemiological survey as part of the comprehensive medical evaluation. Equally, there is a need to inform the employer of any abnormal results to enable them to establish proper control measures. Health surveillance during exposure is considered effective when it provides all the information pertaining to the employees health condition enough to facilitate any medical action towards improving the health and well-being of each employee. For instance, it will be considered effective if it ensures that all the workers wear protective gears any time they are within the quarry area. During employee termination, it is important to have comprehensive information about the employee including the reason for termination and date of termination. Equally, if the employee is terminated due to ill health, it is important to record the details of the illness. Likewise, id employee dies during service, the date and cause of death must be recorded. When the employee is terminated, it is important to take them through a final medical examination which includes medical history, physical examination, and investigation. Health surveillance at termination will be considered effective if it establishes the workers exposure levels or status at termination. This means that an effective surveillance at termination should compare the workers level of RCN exposure before joining the organization (before exposure) and at termination. Conclusion Workplace risk assessment should be the basis upon which the development of RCS health surveillance is conducted. Similarly, the health safety of employees in silica-exposed workplaces is only guaranteed when they accept the RCS-based health surveillance as a normal health routine which must be abided by at all costs. In fact, the employees should be involved in the development of health surveillance programs and if need be, there should be adequate training on the importance of fully participating in such programs. There is also a need to orient and inform the workers of how they will be handled during the surveillance program, especially when any abnormal results are detected during testing. This will prepare them psychologically for any outcome and promote their compliance levels to the entire program. Equally, all the information recorded during the health surveillance program should be shared with each individual employee who should then give consent for the information to be passed on to their primary health care provider. Upon collection of such records, they should be kept separately from the organizations human resources to promote confidentiality. For purposes of maintaining standards for RCS-related health surveillance, there is a need to establish and maintain a standardized health surveillance program for all workers within the Australian mining and related industry. On the same note, there is a need to maintain a standardized questionnaire (e.g. the Bronchial Symptoms Questionnaire) and health data recording template as part of maintaining a standardized health surveillance program within Australia. In conclusion, persons responsible for developing health surveillance programs need be knowledgeable of health risks caused by RCS including the radiological complications and its interference with lung function. Hence, it is necessary to keep a continuous identification of training needs to keep up with the advancing complications that RCS may bear. References Arcury, T. A., PhD., O'Hara, Heather, MD, MSPH, Grzywacz, J. G., PhD., Isom, S., M.S., Chen, Haiying,M.D., PhD., Quandt, S. A., PhD. (2012). Work safety climate, musculoskeletal discomfort, working while injured, and depression among migrant farmworkers in north carolina.American Journal of Public Health,102, S272-8. Al Amiry, A. (2015). Review article: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An occupational health hazard in the prehospital setting. Journal Of Acute Disease, 4274-276. Burgel, Barbara J, RN, COHN-S,PhD., F.A.A.N., Novak, Debra,R.N., D.S.N., Burns, Candace M,PhD., A.R.N.P., Byrd, Annette,M.P.H., R.N., Carpenter, Holly,B.S.N., R.N., Gruden, MaryAnn, MSN, CRNP,N.P.-C., C.O.H.N.-S./C.M., . . . Taormina, Deborah, MS, RN,A.N.P.-B.C., C.O.H.N.-S. (2013). Perceived competence and comfort in respiratory protection: Results of a nationwide survey of occupational health nurses.Workplace Health Safety,61(3), 103-115. Chalupka, Stephanie, EdD, RN,P.H.C.N.S.-B.C., F.A.A.O.H.N. (2013). Medical surveillance for workplace exposure to hazardous drugs.Workplace Health Safety,61(2), 92. Grabinski, C. (2015). Toxicology 101.Chemical Engineering Progress,111(11), 31-36. Gochfeld, Michael,M.D., PhD., Mohr, Sandra,M.D., M.P.H. (2007). Protecting contract workers: Case study of the US department of energy's nuclear and chemical waste management.American Journal of Public Health,97(9), 1607-13. Groenewold, M. R., Baron, S. L. (2013). The Proportion of Work-Related Emergency Department Visits Not Expected to Be Paid by Workers' Compensation: Implications for Occupational Health Surveillance, Research, Policy, and Health Equity. Health Services Research, 48(6pt1), 1939-1959. Hicks, G., Buttigieg, D., De Cieri, H. (2016). Safety climate, strain and safety outcomes.Journal of Management and Organization,22(1), 19-31. Hong, OiSaeng, PhD,R.N., F.A.A.N. (2012). Exploring occupational health nursing in south america through brazilian experience.Workplace Health Safety,60(3), 115-121. Hood, Joyce, MPH,R.N., C.O.H.N.-S., Larraaga, Michael, PhD, PE, CIH, CSP. (2007). Employee health surveillance in the health care industry.AAOHN Journal,55(10), 423-431. Junaid, M., Hashmi, M. Z., Malik, R. N., Pei, D. (2016). Toxicity and oxidative stress induced by chromium in workers exposed from different occupational settings around the globe: A review.Environmental Science and Pollution Research International,23(20), 20151-20167. James D, M., Stephen C, H., Giffe T, J., Ping, X., Steve, M., Jay, W., Raymond D, H. (2014). Occupational health surveillance: Pulmonary function testing in emergency responders. Journal Of Emergencies, Trauma And Shock, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 180-185 (2014), (3), 180. McCullagh, Marjorie C, PhD, RN,P.H.C.N.S.-B.C., C.O.H.N.-S. (2012). Occupational health nursing education for the 21st century.Workplace Health Safety,60(4), 167-76. McCauley, Linda A, RN, PhD,F.A.A.N., F.A.A.O.H.N. (2012). Research to practice in occupational health nursing.Workplace Health Safety,60(4), 183-9; quiz 190. Maghsoudipour, M., Sarfaraz, Z. (2011). Industrial workers with occupational hand injury from tehran factories.Work,40(2), 211. Pak, V. M., PhD., Powers, M., M.E.S., Liu, J., PhD. (2013). Occupational chemical exposures among cosmetologists: Risk of reproductive disorders.Workplace Health Safety,61(12), 522-528. Rogers, B., Kono, K., Marziale, M. H. P., Peurala, M., Radford, J., Staun, J. (2014). International survey of occupational health nurses' roles in multidisciplinary teamwork in occupational health services.Workplace Health Safety,62(7), 274-81. Smith, T. D., DeJoy, D. M. (2014). Safety climate, safety behaviors and line-of-duty injuries in the fire service.International Journal of Emergency Services,3(1), 49-64. Subramaniam, C., Mohd. Shamsudin, F., Mohd Zin, M. L., Sri Ramalu, S., Hassan, Z. (2016). Safety management practices and safety compliance in small medium enterprises.Asia - Pacific Journal of Business Administration,8(3), 226-244. Savinainen, M., Oksa, P. (2011). Efficiency of workplace surveys conducted by finnish occupational health services.AAOHN Journal,59(7), 303-310. Steiner, M. C. (2011). Workplace health surveillance for occupational skin diseases : diagnostic accuracy and reliability of a teledermatology tool. Siddiqui, H., Ashquin, M., Prasad, R., Arif, J. M., Patil, T. N., Ahmad, I. (2011). Industrial hygiene and toxicity studies in unorganized bone-based industrial units.Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,176(1-4), 213-23. Taormina, Deborah, MS, RN,A.N.P.-B.C., C.O.H.N.-S., Burgel, Barbara J, RN, COHN-S,PhD., F.A.A.N. (2013). Development of a respiratory protection survey instrument for occupational health nurses: An educational project.Workplace Health Safety,61(2), 79-83. Walker, A. (2013). Outcomes associated with breach and fulfillment of the psychological contract of safety.Journal of Safety Research,47, 31.

Orphanage-El Orfanato Movie-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: How does El orfanato / The Orphanage contend with notions of violence and memory? Answer: The concept of the making of the movies is one of the major aspects relating to the development of the storyline to such a use that the ulterior motive behind the story is ultimately fulfilled. The Orphanage/ El Orfanato is the movie which was the best foreign film genre entery from Spain. The sheer beauty of the film along with the treatment of the theme is one of the major reasons of the success of the film. The film beauty fully explores the theme of the horror genre refuting all the stereotypes in its portrayal of the different aspects of the horrific notions presented in the movie. There are number of different scenarios in the movie which are highlighted in the overall presence of the ominous in a subtle but a horrific way. The film highlights the passage of the family through the different problems they had to face in the overall experience they had while renovating and living in a place which was of importance for the lady of the family. The orphanage in its representation of the horrors in the past and the present greatly help in the development of the plot which develops on exploring the causes of the mishappenings of the place. The different aspects of the movie that has been explored in the different aspects of the horror and the situational aspects related to it. The situations in the movie that has been explored takes into account the various situations relating to the different situations that are presented in the movie. One of the important aspect that the movie explores is the theme of the memory violence and the supernatural. The situations that led to the exploration of the different themes in the movie is the situations that present themselves in the form of the violent and gory in the movie. The movie revolves around the protagonist, who comes back to live in the orphanage where she lived as a child. Her husband and she decide to make the place an orphanage to help the specially abled children. One of the major aspects that is highlighted in the movie revolves around the fact that the place has a emotional value for Lauren as the place where she was brought up as a child. The memory of Laura did n ot help her find the different issues that were needed in the different situational aspects relating to the development of the psychological scenarios in which the protagonist experiences the chsnges that the place had undergone. The place had greatly changed and the nostalgia she feels for the place emphasizing her attachment to the place is helped by the fact that she had her childhood. The incidents when they start taking course have strong reminiscence of her child hood relating to the various situational scenarios that have been done in the childhood such as the games that the ghosts of the children played with her son Simon. The knowledge of Simon about his adoption gained from the ghosts also highlight the theme of the memory in the movie. The depiction of the supernatural in the movie greatly emphasize on the fact that the introduction of the violence in the past has led to the introduction of something very grim in the past of the place. The children who were haunting the place were from her past and she realizes it much later after the disappearance of her son. The concept of memory is also shown in the move in the way that she remembered the Way the children played the game of hide and seek in the place when she needed to connect to them. The situations that affected her overall comprehension was the fact that her own child was affected by her interpretation of the situational scenarios in the society. There are number of scenes which shows the concept of the memory in the movie where the children are trapped as the ghosts in the realm because of the violent experience they had in their past. The depiction of Thomas as the boy whose head would be covered in the mask. The relation of Simon to the apparition whom he related to as his playmates. The children in the house were the ghosts of the children who had been killed by the mother of Thomas who held the children responsible for the death of her children. One of the important scenes in the movie that depicted extreme violence was the death of Thomas who was killed in his hiding place in the cave where he was hiding from the children from the orphanage who were mocking him because of his distorted face. The torment that Thomas underwent in the movie is grossly presented in the movie by the fact that the children can sometimes be extremely tormenting and behavior of the children towards lonely Thomas. The ostracism of the child is also violent in a different sense in the organization. One of the major factors affecting the overall behavior of the children was the childrens disgust for the distortion of Thomas face. One of the major violent scenes that is seen in the movie is the crash scene in which the caretaker of the orphanage Benigna is killed. Her death is one of the gory scenes in the movie where her death leads to the discovery of her actions by Laura. The death of Benigna is one of the most gruesome scenes and her sudden action of holding the hand of Laura after she was pronounced dead greatly shows the depiction of the psychological initiation of the violence for the audience. There are a number of scenarios in the movie which show the amount of the violence that the childre n have to go through at the hands of Benigna who was killed. Agitated by the actions of the children which led to the untimely demise of her child she killed them, burned them and hid their ashes in the coal shed. The death of the children was helped by the poison which she put in the food. The sheer fact that she blamed the children for the death of her son made her do deeds that were unfathomable. The violence in the scenes of the movie was purely psychological. The mental trauma that Thomas had to go through at the hands of his friends greatly affected his psyche but even in the film it is seen that he meant no harm despite being an agitated spirit. The spirit of the child had nothing to do with the actions of Benigna. It was her who could not understand the implication of her actions and held the children responsible for the death of her son. The concept of memory is also well presented in the movie. The attraction of Laura to the place of her childhood greatly affected the overall decisions of her in the overall situations in the movie. On the other hand the different situations that are presented in the movie are often the result of a number of accidents. The movie is quite different from the rest of the movies of the horror genre, where the ghosts present their ulterior motives in the form of super natural actions. Contrary to the usual depictions of the ghosts in the movies, the ghosts in the movie are actually of the children who mean no harm to the children. One of the scenarios that shows the painful conditions of the children are that they are bound in the world despite being dead. The concept of memory is also very well explored and depicted in the movie because of the different references of the past actions of the individuals leading to the present. The theme of memory explored in the movie is greatly affecting the overall representation of the montage of the movie. The scenarios affecting the representation of the memory as a theme in the movie is the situations that present themselves in the movie. The different situations in the movie uses the theme of the memory and violence as the instigator of horror in the movie. The treatment of the theme of horror in a psychoanalytical way instead of using the usual process of shocking the audience works in the favor of the movie and it is a horror movie which has a strong influence on the audience due its treatment of the theme of violence and memory. The transformation of the lively place of the memory of Laura to the desolate place which was haunted by the ghosts of the children who died there. There were a numbe r of factors instigating the memories of Laura about the place she so revered and it had now claimed the life of her son. The violence in the movie is instigated by the memories and the memories in the movie are of the violence. The memories and the violence in the movie are subtly used for the instilling of fear among the audience. The memories of the place are hindered by the depiction of the unknown is a passive way where Laura is unable to relate to her companions among whom she lived in the orphanage. The memory is also shown by the knowledge of Laura of the different games that were played by the children. The process of the game and the finding of the different situations of the past through the time and space in the continuum of the movie. The concept of the horror in the movie is majorly introduced by the creation of a number of different situational scenarios relating to the different experiences by Laura. The atmosphere and the overall representation of the different figurative presences in the film help in the overall depiction of the horror and the different scenes in the film depicting the various aesthetic and horrific presences in the movie. One of the major scenes which, shows the presence of the supernatural in the film is aided by the overall representations in the movie. There are a number of scenarios in the movie that have the implication of the presence of something sinister in the environment. The treatment of the theme of horror using the depiction of violence gore and painful depiction of the pitiful scenarios makes the movie different than the movies of the general horror genre. The theme of memory for the depiction of the disparity between the past and the present has a very strong implication of the supernatural presence in the environment. The movie avoids extreme distortions in its depiction of the different scenarios depicting the pain and the overall plight of the children ghosts and their helplessness. The use of memory and violence in tandem affects the overall representation of the theme of horror as the memories of the past show the distortions in the present more clearly. Rather than the depiction of outright death the discovery of the ashes in the coal shed was much more violent a scene depicting the half burnt carcasses of the children hidden off in the different sacs. The memories play an important role in the scene when the protagonist realizes that her d iscovery is of the children that her child played with. The representation of the different themes in the movies helped in the emphasizing of the theme of the horror in the movie without going over the top in its representations. One of the major factors helping in the overall development of the psychological representation of the themes relating to the scenes creating an environment of horror in the movie is helped by the different aspects relating to the overall situations. The treatment of theme of horror in the movie has an implication of the usage of the environment and the psychological aspects and the tweaks of the human mind in the overall development of the theme and the progress of the plot in the movie. Therefore it is seen that the theme of memory and violence is treated with utmost expertise to use the theme to develop the ideas in the movie for the overall development of the horror theme in the movie. The horror theme in the movie uses the concept of the horror theme for the development of various aesthetic themes in the movie. The idea of memory is likewise extremely very much investigated and portrayed in the motion picture in view of the distinctive references of the past activities of the people prompting the present. The subject of memory investigated in the film is incredibly influencing the general portrayal of the montage of the motion picture. The situations influencing the portrayal of the memory as a topic in the motion picture is simply the circumstances that present in the motion picture. The distinctive circumstances in the motion picture utilizes the subject of the memory and brutality as the instigator of frightfulness in the film. The treatment of the subject of frightfulness psychoanalytically as opposed to utilizing the standard procedure of stunning the gathering of people works in the support of the motion picture and it is a blood and gore flick which affects the crowd due its treatment of the topic of viciousness and memory. The film features the entry of the family through the distinctive issues they needed to look in the general experience they had while redesigning and living in a place which was of significance for the woman of the family. The halfway house in its portrayal of the revulsions before and the present enormously help in the advancement of the plot which creates on investigating the reasons for the mis-happenings of the place Bibliography Bayona, J. (2007).The Orphanage (2007). [online] IMDb. Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0464141/ [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018]. Krah, B., 2018. The impact of violent media on aggression.The Routledge International Handbook of Human Aggression: Current Issues and Perspectives. Shand, J.P., Friedman, S.H. and Forcen, F.E., 2014. The horror, the horror: stigma on screen.The Lancet Psychiatry,1(6), pp.423-425.

Using Self Introduction Essay Sample For University in Your Job Search

Using Self Introduction Essay Sample For University in Your Job SearchSelf introduction essay sample for university is one of the most effective ways of introducing yourself and announcing your admission. You may be among those people who might have a hard time introducing themselves properly when they are at college or university. Here are few tips that will help you do the job well.Many of the good university student will have already written their own self introduction and some may even have written a paper on their schoolwork. Though this might be a good idea, it can be very stressful for you to read through an essay on yourself. There might be a number of things you need to overcome as well as you have to go through a lot of nervousness.This is where self introduction essay sample for university can come in handy. A few sample questions that will guide you through your task are: 'Who am I? 'What is my motive for writing this essay?If you don't like the idea of writing a paper, t hen the best option for you would be to read a biography that describes your life's career and what have you done during it. In addition, you can use your own life as a stepping stone by making notes about some of the significant events in your life. These examples can serve as references and you can even use it as inspiration for your self introduction essay.Also, there are several self introduction essay sample for university online available. A few of them are free and you can read them easily over the internet. On the other hand, there are some which you have to pay for.Even if you have already earned your university degree, you can still use this to introduce yourself to your prospective professors. You can even use it to convince the parents for the college to admit you into the class. So as a writer, don't hesitate to add self introduction essay sample for university to your arsenal.So, now you know how self introduction essay sample for university can help you in your job se arch. Now you have to choose which to use and how to make the best out of it. Make sure that you find a good university and use it as your reference to give you confidence that you will get accepted.

Napoleon’s influence on modern western military armies free essay sample

Throughout history, military leaders have immortalized their legacies by vanquishing their enemies in the battlefield against overwhelming odds. Soldiers and historians have revered their accomplishments by studying their mastery in the art of warfare with the hopes mimicking their accomplishments. Of them all, Napoleon Bonaparte is considered the best military leader in the history of the Western World and has been the most influential with the development of modern day Western armies. According to Knox, â€Å"military revolutions are changes in the nature and purpose of war itself. Napoleons military tactics and strategy have revolutionized European warfare during the 1800s. His use of nationalism, military organizational structure, and combined arms were key factors that helped his juggernaut army conquer most of Europe. The French system led the way for Europes military modernization and is modeled by the modern day U. S. Army whose military victories and failures have strong familiarities. We will write a custom essay sample on Napoleon’s influence on modern western military armies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The French Revolution resulted in the overthrow of King Louis XVI and the monarchy. It gave rise to nationalism to a heightened level that has never been witnessed in Europe. It unified the people under a profound sense of liberty and a sacred love of the country. French citizens willingly volunteered their services into establishing battalions and answered their nation’s call to arms. 2 They were determined to protect this new nation of the people. It changed its military from being dynastic, private armies, as they had been in Fredericks day, to being national, public armies. 3 The officer corps which was only privileged to the nobility was 1. Macgregor Knox, Mass Politics and Nationalism as Military Revolution: The French Revolution and after. In The Dynamics of Military Revolution 1300-2050, ed. Macgregor Knox and Williamson Murray (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 57. 2. John A. Lynn, Nations in Arms. in The Cambridge History of Warfare, ed. Geoffrey Parker (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 196. 3. Thomas Huber, The Rise of Napoleon (paper presented at the Command and General Staff College, Fort Lee, Virginia, February 6-7, 2014). 2 now open to commoners. Rank progression was now based off of skills and merit rather than birth right or status. Soldiers were now loved and valued by the people. â€Å"Common soldiers were now expected to display the same kind of commitment once reserved only to officers. †4 Like the Napoleonic army, the modern day U. S. Army is an all volunteer force. Both armies enforced the draft when personnel strength was in need to support a difficult campaign. The U. S Armys officer corps is open to all citizens, regardless of ethnicity, religion, and gender. Rank promotion is based off of performance and standards. Soldiers are respected and loved by their country. The U. S. Army emphasizes the importance of the professional soldier whose core principles is in accordance with the Army Values: Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity, and Personal Courage. It expects its soldiers to live up to the demands and expectations of their countrymen. The aftermath of the French Revolution forced Europe to face a powerful new nation that promoted democracy and nationalism. This powerful movement challenged the monarchy and threatened the stability and security of neighboring countries. France went to war with its enemies in order to secure its survival. Napoleons leadership ensured France survival and led his armies on a warpath to dominate most of Europe. He accomplished this by first transforming its military organizational structure. It improved the efficiency of controlling large armies. â€Å"The breaking up of the formerly unitary army into permanent divisions and corps were fundamental to Napoleon’s strategy and his conduct of battle. The expansion of his staff, and the proliferation of subordinate staffs, already under way in the last campaigns of the Old Regime, made possible 4. John A. Lynn, Nations in Arms.  in The Cambridge History of Warfare, ed. Geoffrey Parker (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 189. 3 the control of constantly larger and more widely dispersed forces. †5 According to Lynn, by subdividing his army into corps, Napoleon enhanced command and control. It improved logistics, since several corps operating along separate lines of advance could supply themselves more easily than could a single large army operating along a single route. 6 In addition to the forming of corps and divisions, Napoleon created brigade and army levels of commands. This unique military organizational structure allowed him to effectively move his large armies and outmaneuver his enemies. Like the French, the U. S. Army’s military organizational structure consists of armies, corps, divisions, brigades, and battalions. The only exception is the regional commands that it uses. Each command level organization consists of a robust staff that assists commanders with developing plans and executing orders. This organizational structure provides an efficient method of commanding and controlling from the lowest to the highest level of commands. The transformation of the French military organizational structure provided better command and control for large armies. However, its use of combined arms allowed the French to annihilate their enemies in the battlefield. â€Å"The French had pioneered the use of combat division, combining infantry, cavalry, and artillery to create a small army of a few thousand men which could operate either independently or in conjunction with other divisions†7 For the first 5. Peter Paret Napoleon and the Revolution in War. In The Makers of Modern Strategy, 123-142. ed. Peter Paret (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 198), 125.John A. Lynn, Nations in Arms. in The Cambridge History of Warfare, ed. Geoffrey Parker (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 202. 7. Idib. 4 time in history, infantry units could be supported by artillery in all phases of combat. 8 While his enemies used cavalry to harass enemy formations, Napoleon used his cavalry as a flanking element in support of h is infantry by charging into them with maximum force. He realized the importance of artillery and increased its numbers. 9 His combined arms army was capable of facing and defeating much larger enemy formations. It allowed commanders to quickly flank his enemies, maximize his fields of fire, and destroy enemy formations by simultaneously unleashing his combat capabilities. In comparison, the U. S. Army has various combined arms units to fight its nations wars. Of them all, the Brigade Combat Team (BCT) is the countrys primary combat unit. The BCTs are organized depending on their mission requirements. They are either Armored, Infantry, or Stryker BCTs. They all consists of at least three light or mechanized infantry battalions, one cavalry battalion, one field artillery battalion, and two support battalions. BCTs provide commanders the flexibility to maneuver a small and formidable force that is capable of unleashing devastating fire power. Regardless of their rank, soldiers in the heat of battle are able to coordinate air, artillery, and other enablers in order to destroy their enemies. The U. S. and Napoleons use of combined arms in conjunction with a more structured military organization and nationalism have proven to be effective in defeating their enemies. However, its effectiveness proved to have its limits against unconventional forces who refused to fight like professional armies.8. Peter Paret Napoleon and the Revolution in War. In The Makers of Modern Strategy, 123-142. ed. Peter Paret (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 198), 125. 9. John A. Lynn, Nations in Arms. in The Cambridge History of Warfare, ed. Geoffrey Parker (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 201. 5 By 1818, Napoleon conquered most of Europe. He was able to conquer Spain within a month that same y ear. However, he soon realized that his mighty army had its limits when fighting against Spanish insurgents who refused to fight the French in the battlefield. The French viewed the guerrillas as poorly organized bands of thugs and refused to see the serious threat they posed. 10 The guerillas had full support from their Spanish brethrens, excellent knowledge of the terrain, and an ample supply of recruits who viciously hated the French occupiers. The Spanish guerillas eventually evolved into hardened warriors after continuous training and engagements against French forces. 11 Time being on their side, the Spaniards grew stronger as the French grew weaker. The French were unsuccessful in defeating the Spanish guerillas. The U. S. Army is in a similar situation with its war in Afghanistan and with its recent operation in Iraq. The U. S. Army has proven its military might by easily destroying the Iraqi military in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and destroying the majority of Taliban forces in Afghanistan in support of Operating Enduring Freedom. However, the U. S. Army underestimated the capabilities of the insurgents in both countries. Time was on their side of the insurgents who were winning the propaganda war. Their determination to win the war against the infidels seemed to grow in strength regardless of the countless battles they lost. Like Napoleons army in Spain, the U. S. Army was trying to defeat an enemy that had support from the majority of the local population and had access to an abundant source of recruits to support their jihad. The insurgents learned from their mistakes, understood the tactics of coalition 10. Don W. Alexander, French Military Problems in Counterinsurgent Warfare in Northeastern Spain, 1808-1813 (paper presented at the Command and General Staff College, Fort Lee, Virginia, February 10, 2014). Don W. Alexander, French Military Problems in Counterinsurgent Warfare in Northeastern Spain, 1808-1813 (paper presented at the Command and General Staff College, Fort Lee, Virginia, February 10, 2014). 6 forces, and improved in their abilities to fight the infidels. Like the French before them, the U. S. Army faced tremendous struggles in defeating the insurgents in both countries. Napoleons military organizational structure, use of combined arms, and nationalism allowed his armies to easily conquer most of Europe. His system forced Europe to revolutionize its military warfare in accordance with the French in order to match their abilities in the battlefield. Its influence in changing European warfare continues to have influence in todays military. To this day, the U. S. Army continues to follow Napoleons system with an all volunteer army with the ability to initiate a draft, possesses combined arms capabilities through BCTs, and follows a multi-leveled command structure through armies, corps, brigades, and battalions. Both armies have demonstrated similar victories against conventional armies, but have proven to be extremely challenging against non-nation states. Napoleons failures with insurrectionists in Spain are similar to the U. S. Army’s struggles against radical Islamists in Afghanistan and Iraq. It is clear that the tools used by both Western Powers must be altered or modified in order to defeat unconventional military forces. 7

Grand Canyon essays

Grand Canyon essays In this paper part one will discuss the Geologic processes that have formed and shaped the landscape of the Grand Canyon. It will discus how the canyon was formed, the age of the canyon, and its present development. It will also, in part two, include the impact that Thomas Moran had on the developing of The Yellowstone National Park by the wonderful paintings and sketches that he drew. Without him the Park may not have been approved. It will also discuss the love that he grew for the colors and the landscape. No one really knows the geological process that formed the Grand Canyon. Geologists feel that a number of processes may have formed the Canyon. Geologists think that the major factors that formed the Grand Canyon are water and wind. Manny people dont understand how water can have such an impact considering the Grand Canyon is located in a desert. The soil in the Grand Canyon is baked by the sun. It becomes very hard and cannot absorb water. When it rains the water tends to come down in torrents. The plants that grow in the canyon have very shallow root systems so they can grab as much water as possible on the rare occasions when it does rain. When you have plants that have very shallow roots, they are very easy to be washed away when it rains. Now you have lots of water and no place for it to go, but down to the Colorado River. With out plants with deep roots there is nothing holding the soil and rocks in place. The force of flash floods can move unbelievable amounts of soil and rock. There are many cracks due to seismic activity, or by constant soaking and drying of the rocks in the canyon. Water settles in the cracks, and in the winter months it begins to freeze. When water freezes it starts to expand and push the rocks apart and widens the cracks. Sometimes a rock will fall and create a rock slide. A rock slide will move a great amount of earth and speed up the time it takes to create ...

Critical thinking(Dose Business culture in Europe influence the Essay

Critical thinking(Dose Business culture in Europe influence the culture in Asian) - Essay Example Both cultures ensure that they are always well in touch with what is trending and popular and incorporate this in their own way into their business practices. Another notable aspect in the evaluation of business culture in the two continents is the close proximity in location (Consulting, 2009). This obviously allows them influence each other every so often. However, as with any two systems, there is likelihood that if one has a superior culture (one that is more dominant) their influence on their counterpart would be far more noticeable. In this regard, this paper has determined that the European culture is the far more dominant on a global perspective and therefore influences the Asian business Culture, just as well as the rest of the world. Some of the influences in question are more outstanding and noticeable while some not so much (Jones, 2006). This paper will outline both kinds of influences but focus more on the outstanding influences. The aim of this paper briefly, is to com e to a viable conclusion on whether European business culture has had any influence on Asian business culture. This conclusion is drawn from a viable research. The paper takes into context all factors and perspectives of importance on the issue at hand. This paper took into account scholarly research on the topic at hand. Oxelheim( 2006) determines that the European culture has certain attributes that are specific only to it. This attributes, although having been emulated in other parts of the world are distinctively European. The attributes in question have a relation to the historical or political lifestyle of the European continent and are therefore, for the most part, noticeable. One of the distinctive attributes that Oxelheim( 2006) lays out is the inclination towards family based entrepreneurship. Although other cultures do have this, the European one is more versatile. This is in that, most family based businesses in

Software Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Software Design - Essay Example The software architecture in place will determine the easiness of change. In as much these â€Å"forgotten problems† are crucial to be addressed, the software development principles have other factors that also need to be addressed. These are the performance, availability, maintainability, security, costs, benefits and schedule. Thus, it is more valuable to achieve a balance rather than focus on only one aspect which in the â€Å"forgotten problems† is the usability factor. The Software architecture is the representation of the software development. It lists all the key modules, their responsibilities, and interactions. It has various representations. It is essential as a good architecture would reduce development time, maintenance costs and improve the quality of product. How does software architecture interact with usability? This can be understood via enumerating all the phases in software development. These are; system formulation, requirement definition, architecture design, detailed design, implementation, system test and deployment. Each of these chapters is critical, and there exist a high level of interactions. The development cycle in place will dictate the level of interactions between these phases. These methodologies are; waterfall cycle, spiral circle, extreme programming and HCI cycle. The feedback mechanisms in these methodologies will show how effective a method is. (Smith & Williams, 2003). The idea is to come up with an architectural pattern that best achieves usability factors. Various patterns can be applied. The Model view controller displays the module responsibilities and their interactions. A good model view controller shows productive interactions. It hides the unwanted aspects of the user interface from the remainder of the application. It provides a means of buffering changes in the user interface from the remainder of the application. It localizes the â€Å"screen-deep† changes to either the